[Serialization] Keep buffers alive if they may have diagnostics

This can only happen in one case today: a module imports a bridging
header, but the header on disk has disappeared, and now we need to
fall back to the (often inadequate) version that's stored inside the
swiftmodule file. Even if the module fails to load, the bridging
header has already been imported, and so anything else that happens
might still emit diagnostics and need that text to be alive, which
means we need to keep the buffer alive too.

include/swift/Serialization/ModuleFile.h

@@ -620,6 +620,13 @@ public:
     return static_cast<Status>(Bits.Status);
   }
 
+  /// Transfers ownership of a buffer that might contain source code where
+  /// other parts of the compiler could have emitted diagnostics, to keep them
+  /// alive even if the ModuleFile is destroyed.
+  ///
+  /// Should only be called when getStatus() indicates a failure.
+  std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer> takeBufferForDiagnostics();
+
   /// Returns the list of modules this module depends on.
   ArrayRef<Dependency> getDependencies() const {
     return Dependencies;

include/swift/Serialization/SerializedModuleLoader.h

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ private:
   using LoadedModulePair = std::pair<std::unique_ptr<ModuleFile>, unsigned>;
   std::vector<LoadedModulePair> LoadedModuleFiles;
 
+  SmallVector<std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer>, 2> OrphanedMemoryBuffers;
+
   explicit SerializedModuleLoader(ASTContext &ctx, DependencyTracker *tracker);
 
 public:

lib/Serialization/ModuleFile.cpp

@@ -1457,6 +1457,17 @@ Status ModuleFile::associateWithFileContext(FileUnit *file,
   return getStatus();
 }
 
+std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer> ModuleFile::takeBufferForDiagnostics() {
+  assert(getStatus() != Status::Valid);
+
+  // Today, the only buffer that might have diagnostics in them is the input
+  // buffer, and even then only if it has imported module contents.
+  if (!importedHeaderInfo.contents.empty())
+    return std::move(ModuleInputBuffer);
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 ModuleFile::~ModuleFile() { }
 
 void ModuleFile::lookupValue(DeclName name,

lib/Serialization/SerializedModuleLoader.cpp

@@ -223,7 +223,14 @@ FileUnit *SerializedModuleLoader::loadAST(
     M.removeFile(*fileUnit);
   }
 
-  // This is the failure path. If we have a location, diagnose the issue.
+  // From here on is the failure path.
+
+  // Even though the module failed to load, it's possible its contents include
+  // a source buffer that need to survive because it's already been used for
+  // diagnostics.
+  if (auto orphanedBuffer = loadedModuleFile->takeBufferForDiagnostics())
+    OrphanedMemoryBuffers.push_back(std::move(orphanedBuffer));
+
   if (!diagLoc)
     return nullptr;