[Concurrency] Add clock traits.

Remove the hacky support for mapping clocks to a Dispatch clock ID,
in favour of clocks publishing traits and having the Dispatch
executor select the clock on the basis of those traits.

stdlib/public/Concurrency/Clock.swift

@@ -42,14 +42,9 @@ public protocol Clock<Duration>: Sendable {
   func sleep(until deadline: Instant, tolerance: Instant.Duration?) async throws
 #endif
 
-#if !$Embedded
-  /// Choose which Dispatch clock to use with DispatchExecutor
-  ///
-  /// This controls which Dispatch clock is used to enqueue delayed jobs
-  /// when using this Clock.
+  /// The traits associated with this clock instance.
   @available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
-  var dispatchClockID: DispatchClockID { get }
-#endif
+  var traits: ClockTraits { get }
 
   /// Convert a Clock-specific Duration to a Swift Duration
   ///
@@ -138,12 +133,6 @@ extension Clock {
 
 @available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
 extension Clock {
-  #if !$Embedded
-  public var dispatchClockID: DispatchClockID {
-    return .suspending
-  }
-  #endif
-
   // For compatibility, return `nil` if this is not implemented
   public func convert(from duration: Duration) -> Swift.Duration? {
     return nil
@@ -198,6 +187,43 @@ extension Clock {
 }
 #endif
 
+/// Represents traits of a particular Clock implementation.
+///
+/// Clocks may be of a number of different varieties; executors will likely
+/// have specific clocks that they can use to schedule jobs, and will
+/// therefore need to be able to convert timestamps to an appropriate clock
+/// when asked to enqueue a job with a delay or deadline.
+///
+/// Choosing a clock in general requires the ability to tell which of their
+/// clocks best matches the clock that the user is trying to specify a
+/// time or delay in.  Executors are expected to do this on a best effort
+/// basis.
+@available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
+public struct ClockTraits: OptionSet {
+  public let rawValue: Int32
+
+  public init(rawValue: Int32) {
+    self.rawValue = rawValue
+  }
+
+  /// Clocks with this trait continue running while the machine is asleep.
+  public static let continuous = ClockTraits(rawValue: 1 << 0)
+
+  /// Indicates that a clock's time will only ever increase.
+  public static let monotonic = ClockTraits(rawValue: 1 << 1)
+
+  /// Clocks with this trait are tied to "wall time".
+  public static let wallTime = ClockTraits(rawValue: 1 << 2)
+}
+
+extension Clock {
+  /// The traits associated with this clock instance.
+  @available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
+  var traits: ClockTraits {
+    return []
+  }
+}
+
 enum _ClockID: Int32 {
   case continuous = 1
   case suspending = 2

stdlib/public/Concurrency/ContinuousClock.swift

@@ -100,6 +100,12 @@ extension ContinuousClock: Clock {
     )
   }
 
+  /// The continuous clock is continuous and monotonic
+  @available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
+  public var traits: ClockTraits {
+    return [.continuous, .monotonic]
+  }
+
 #if !SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
   /// Suspend task execution until a given deadline within a tolerance.
   /// If no tolerance is specified then the system may adjust the deadline

stdlib/public/Concurrency/DispatchExecutor.swift

@@ -178,8 +178,7 @@ protocol DispatchExecutor: Executor {
 }
 
 /// An enumeration identifying one of the Dispatch-supported clocks
-@available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
-public enum DispatchClockID: CInt {
+enum DispatchClockID: CInt {
   case suspending = 1
   case continuous = 2
 }
@@ -189,18 +188,7 @@ extension DispatchExecutor {
 
   func timestamp<C: Clock>(for instant: C.Instant, clock: C)
     -> (clockID: DispatchClockID, seconds: Int64, nanoseconds: Int64) {
-    let clockID = clock.dispatchClockID
-
-    switch clockID {
-      case .suspending:
-        let dispatchClock: SuspendingClock = .suspending
-        let instant = dispatchClock.convert(instant: instant, from: clock)!
-        let (seconds, attoseconds) = instant._value.components
-        let nanoseconds = attoseconds / 1_000_000_000
-        return (clockID: .suspending,
-                seconds: Int64(seconds),
-                nanoseconds: Int64(nanoseconds))
-      case .continuous:
+    if clock.traits.contains(.continuous) {
         let dispatchClock: ContinuousClock = .continuous
         let instant = dispatchClock.convert(instant: instant, from: clock)!
         let (seconds, attoseconds) = instant._value.components
@@ -208,6 +196,14 @@ extension DispatchExecutor {
         return (clockID: .continuous,
                 seconds: Int64(seconds),
                 nanoseconds: Int64(nanoseconds))
+    } else {
+        let dispatchClock: SuspendingClock = .suspending
+        let instant = dispatchClock.convert(instant: instant, from: clock)!
+        let (seconds, attoseconds) = instant._value.components
+        let nanoseconds = attoseconds / 1_000_000_000
+        return (clockID: .suspending,
+                seconds: Int64(seconds),
+                nanoseconds: Int64(nanoseconds))
     }
   }
 

stdlib/public/Concurrency/SuspendingClock.swift

@@ -87,6 +87,12 @@ extension SuspendingClock: Clock {
     return Duration(_seconds: seconds, nanoseconds: nanoseconds)
   }
 
+  /// The suspending clock is monotonic
+  @available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
+  public var traits: ClockTraits {
+    return [.monotonic]
+  }
+
 #if !SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
   /// Suspend task execution until a given deadline within a tolerance.
   /// If no tolerance is specified then the system may adjust the deadline

test/Concurrency/Runtime/clocks.swift

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 import StdlibUnittest
 
+@available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
 struct TickingClock: Clock {
   struct Duration: DurationProtocol {
     var ticks: Int
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ struct TickingClock: Clock {
   private var _now: Instant
   var now: Instant { return _now }
   var minimumResolution: Duration { return Duration(ticks: 1) }
+  var traits: ClockTraits { [.monotonic] }
 
   init() {
     _now = Instant(ticksFromStart: 0)
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ struct TickingClock: Clock {
   }
 }
 
+@available(SwiftStdlib 6.2, *)
 struct TockingClock: Clock {
   struct Duration: DurationProtocol {
     var tocks: Int
@@ -133,6 +136,7 @@ struct TockingClock: Clock {
   private var _now: Instant
   var now: Instant { return _now }
   var minimumResolution: Duration { return Duration(tocks: 1) }
+  var traits: ClockTraits { [.monotonic] }
 
   init() {
     _now = Instant(tocksFromStart: 1000)