[stdlib] On-demand unique contiguous Array storage

Lift the precondition that contiguous storage already exist on the use
of Array.withUnsafe[Mutable]PointerToElements.  Automatically guarantee
that storage is unique when using the mutable variants of these methods.

Also, fix some---essentially---inout aliasing violations in
test/stdlib/Unicode.swift that were revealed by the new careful
implementation of these methods.

Swift SVN r20339

stdlib/core/ArrayBuffer.swift

@@ -354,26 +354,30 @@ extension _ArrayBuffer {
     }
   }
 
-  /// Call body(p), where p is a pointer to the underlying contiguous storage
-  /// Requires: such contiguous storage exists or the buffer is empty
+  /// Call `body(p)`, where `p` is a pointer to the underlying
+  /// contiguous storage.  If no contiguous storage exists, it is
+  /// created on-demand.
   public
   func withUnsafePointerToElements<R>(
     body: (UnsafePointer<T>)->R
   ) -> R {
-    _precondition(
-      elementStorage != nil || count == 0,
-      "Array is bridging an opaque NSArray; can't get a pointer to the elements"
-    )
-    let ret = body(elementStorage)
+    if _isClassOrObjCExistential(T.self) {
+      if _nonNative {
+        indirect.replaceStorage(_copyCollectionToNativeArrayBuffer(self))
+      }
+    }
+    let ret = body(self.elementStorage)
     _fixLifetime(self)
     return ret
   }
   
+  /// Call `body(p)`, where `p` is a pointer to the underlying contiguous
+  /// storage.  Requires: Contiguous storage already exists
   public
   mutating func withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements<R>(
     body: (UnsafeMutablePointer<T>)->R
   ) -> R {
-    _precondition(
+    _sanityCheck(
       elementStorage != nil || count == 0,
       "Array is bridging an opaque NSArray; can't get a pointer to the elements"
     )

stdlib/core/Arrays.swift.gyb

@@ -389,9 +389,6 @@ extension ${Self} {
 
 extension ${Self} {
   /// Call body(p), where p is a pointer to the ${Self}'s contiguous storage
-%if Self != 'Array':
-  /// Requires: the Array's storage is not provided by an opaque NSArray
-%end
   public func withUnsafePointerToElements<R>(
     body: (UnsafePointer<T>) -> R
   ) -> R {
@@ -401,7 +398,20 @@ extension ${Self} {
   public mutating func withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements<R>(
     body: (UnsafeMutablePointer<T>) -> R
   ) -> R {
-    return _buffer.withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements(body)
+    // Ensure unique storage
+    _arrayReserve(&_buffer, 0)
+
+    // Ensure that body can't invalidate the storage or its bounds by
+    // moving self into a temporary working array.
+    var work = ${Self}()
+    swap(&work, &self)
+
+    // Invoke the body
+    let ret = work._buffer.withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements(body)
+
+    // Put the working array back before returning.
+    swap(&work, &self)
+    return ret
   }
 }
 

stdlib/core/UnsafeArray.swift.gyb

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public struct UnsafeArrayGenerator<T>: GeneratorType, SequenceType {
     return self
   }
   
-  var position, end: UnsafeMutablePointer<T>
+  var position, end: UnsafePointer<T>
 }
 
 %for Mutable in ('Mutable', ''):
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public struct Unsafe${Mutable}Array<T> : ${Mutable}CollectionType {
 %end    
   }
   
-  public init(start: UnsafeMutablePointer<T>, length: Int) {
+  public init(start: Unsafe${Mutable}Pointer<T>, length: Int) {
     _precondition(length >= 0, "Unsafe${Mutable}Array with negative length")
     _position = start
     _end = start + length
@@ -65,7 +65,11 @@ public struct Unsafe${Mutable}Array<T> : ${Mutable}CollectionType {
     return UnsafeArrayGenerator(position: _position, end: _end)
   }
 
-  var _position, _end: UnsafeMutablePointer<T>
+  public var elementStorage: Unsafe${Mutable}Pointer<T> {
+    return _position
+  }
+  
+  var _position, _end: Unsafe${Mutable}Pointer<T>
 }
 
 extension Unsafe${Mutable}Array : DebugPrintable {

test/stdlib/NewArray.swift.gyb

@@ -252,6 +252,13 @@ func testCocoa() {
   
   println(a.capacity >= 30)
   // CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+  // Prove that we create contiguous storage for an opaque NSArray
+  a.withUnsafePointerToElements {
+    (p)->() in
+    println(p.memory)
+    // CHECK-NEXT: foo
+  }
 }
 testCocoa()
 

test/stdlib/Unicode.swift

@@ -259,25 +259,29 @@ func additionalUtf16Tests() {
   var u8: [UTF8.CodeUnit] = [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
   var u16: [UTF16.CodeUnit] = [ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ]
 
-  u16.withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements {
-    (p16)->() in
-    u8.withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements {
-      (p8)->() in
+  u16.withUnsafeMutableStorage {
+    (u16)->() in
+    let p16 = u16.elementStorage
+    
+    u8.withUnsafeMutableStorage {
+      (u8)->() in
+      let p8 = u8.elementStorage
+      
       // CHECK-NEXT: [ 0, 1, 2, 9, 10, 11 ]
       UTF16.copy(p8, destination: p16, count: 3)
-      println(u16)
+      println(Array(u16))
 
       // CHECK-NEXT: [ 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 ]
       UTF16.copy(p16 + 3, destination: p8, count: 3)
-      println(u8)
+      println(Array(u8))
 
       // CHECK-NEXT: [ 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2 ]
       UTF16.copy(p16, destination: p16 + 3, count: 3)
-      println(u16)
+      println(Array(u16))
 
       // CHECK-NEXT: [ 9, 10, 11, 9, 10, 11 ]
       UTF16.copy(p8, destination: p8 + 3, count: 3)
-      println(u8)
+      println(Array(u8))
     }
   }
 
@@ -2341,7 +2345,7 @@ StringCookedViews.test("UTF8ForContiguousUTF16") {
         },
         stopOnError: false)
 
-    backingStorage.withUnsafeMutablePointerToElements {
+    backingStorage.withUnsafePointerToElements {
       (ptr) -> () in
       let cfstring = CFStringCreateWithCharactersNoCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault,
           ptr, backingStorage.count, kCFAllocatorNull)