Anonymous contexts (e.g. types nested inside functons) require special handling when we are constructing a fully-qualified name. We construct the name by walking from a type's descriptor to its parent contexts. Previously, we would give up upon encountering an anonymous contexts.
This change refactors fully-qualified name construction to happen in two phases:
1. Collect a full context ancestor chain
2. Walk the chain backwards to reconstruct the fully-qualified name
As opposed to the previous approach which always constructed the name while recursively walking to the parent context. This is required because types nested inside anonymous contexts are represented in the fully-qualified type name as `(type_name in $XXXXXXXX)` where XXXXXXXX is the address of the context descriptor of the parent anonymous context.
Resolves rdar://91073103
Conformance Infos for nominal type declarations reference the conforming type by storing an offset to the address in the binary where the type's type descriptor is located. Conformance infos for conformances applied to an extension of a type use a different mechanism: they use an indirect reference to a dynamic symbol, which may be an external symbol **or** a resolved address to a local type descriptor. It is the latter case that the conformance-gather implementation was missing that is added in this PR.
Resolves rdar://93578419
