Introduce an `unsafe` expression akin to `try` and `await` that notes
that there are unsafe constructs in the expression to the right-hand
side. Extend the effects checker to also check for unsafety along with
throwing and async operations. This will result in diagnostics like
the following:
10 | func sum() -> Int {
11 | withUnsafeBufferPointer { buffer in
12 | let value = buffer[0]
| | `- note: reference to unsafe subscript 'subscript(_:)'
| |- warning: expression uses unsafe constructs but is not marked with 'unsafe'
| `- note: reference to parameter 'buffer' involves unsafe type 'UnsafeBufferPointer<Int>'
13 | tryWithP(X())
14 | return fastAdd(buffer.baseAddress, buffer.count)
These will come with a Fix-It that inserts `unsafe` into the proper
place. There's also a warning that appears when `unsafe` doesn't cover
any unsafe code, making it easier to clean up extraneous `unsafe`.
This approach requires that `@unsafe` be present on any declaration
that involves unsafe constructs within its signature. Outside of the
signature, the `unsafe` expression is used to identify unsafe code.
This couples together several changes to move entirely from
`@rethrows` over to typed throws:
* Use the `Failure` type to determine whether an async for-each loop
will throw, rather than depending on rethrows checking
* Introduce a special carve-out for `rethrows` functions that have a
generic requirement on an `AsyncSequence` or `AsyncIteratorProtocol`,
which uses that requirement's `Failure` type as potentially being part
of the thrown error type. This allows existing generic functions like
the following to continue to work:
func f<S: AsyncSequence>(_: S) rethrows
* Switch SIL generation for the async for-each loop from the prior
`next()` over to the typed-throws version `_nextElement`.
* Remove `@rethrows` from `AsyncSequence` and `AsyncIteratorProtocol`
entirely. We are now fully dependent on typed throws.
The logic for recursively expanding protocol requirements was broken.
Instead, let's do the recursive visitation when evaluating a
conformance to a @rethrows protocol.
