This adds a protocol to the C++ standard library overlay which will improve the ergonomics of `std::map` and `std::unordered_map` when used from Swift code.
As of now, `CxxDictionary` adds a subscript with an optional return type that mimics the subscript of `Swift.Dictionary`.
Similar to https://github.com/apple/swift/pull/63244.
This fixes an error that occurred when trying to use the subscript on an instance `std::map`:
```
error: cannot assign through subscript: 'map' is immutable
```
This was happening even with a mutable `std::map` instance.
`std::map::operator[]` has two overloads:
* `T& operator[]( const Key& key )`
* `T& operator[]( Key&& key )`
The second one is imported with an `inout` parameter, and we picked it as an implementation of the subscript getter because it was the last of the two overloads to get imported.
Swift does not allow subscripts with `inout` parameters. This is checked at the AST level, and those checks do not run for synthesized Swift code. This caused Swift to produce a surprising error which actually indicated that the argument of the subscript, not the instance itself, must be mutable.
rdar://100529571
