Track the implied result exprs in the constraint
system, and allow arbitrary propagation of
implied results down if/switch expression
branches. This is required for allowing implied
results in non-single-expression closures.
Teach the constraint solver about the subtyping rule that permits
converting one function type to another when the effective thrown error
type of one is a subtype of the effective thrown error type of the
other, using `any Error` for untyped throws and `Never` for
non-throwing.
With minor other fixes, this allows us to use typed throws for generic
functions that carry a typed error from their arguments through to
themselves, which is in effect a typed `rethrows`:
```swift
func mapArray<T, U, E: Error>(_ array: [T], body: (T) throws(E) -> U)
throws(E) -> [U] {
var resultArray: [U] = .init()
for value in array {
resultArray.append(try body(value))
}
return resultArray
}
```
These allow multi-statement `if`/`switch` expression
branches that can produce a value at the end by
saying `then <expr>`. This is gated behind
`-enable-experimental-feature ThenStatements`
pending evolution discussion.
There's still plenty of more work to do here for
pattern diagnostics, including introducing a
bunch of new locator elements, and handling things
like argument list mismatches. This at least lets
us fall back to a generic mismatch diagnostic.
Introduce SingleValueStmtExpr, which allows the
embedding of a statement in an expression context.
This then allows us to parse and type-check `if`
and `switch` statements as expressions, gated
behind the `IfSwitchExpression` experimental
feature for now. In the future,
SingleValueStmtExpr could also be used for e.g
`do` expressions.
For now, only single expression branches are
supported for producing a value from an
`if`/`switch` expression, and each branch is
type-checked independently. A multi-statement
branch may only appear if it ends with a `throw`,
and it may not `break`, `continue`, or `return`.
The placement of `if`/`switch` expressions is also
currently limited by a syntactic use diagnostic.
Currently they're only allowed in bindings,
assignments, throws, and returns. But this could
be lifted in the future if desired.
`SyntacticElement` represents a statement, pattern, declaration,
condition, or expression and could originate from i.e. a closure,
a function or a result builder body.
In order to fit with the new IUO model where
functions with IUO results have the disjunction
formed when matching result types, we need to
update this logic to form applicable fn
constraints for the implicit `x[dynamicMember:]`
subscript call.
This is done using a new ImplicitDynamicMemberSubscript
locator path element to allow easy identification of
what the right callee and argument list should be.
Use this new element to represent the overload type
for a constructor call, and have it store a bit
indicating whether the call is for a short-form
`X(...)` or self-delegating `self.init(...)` call.
* [TypeResolver][TypeChecker] Add support for structural opaque result types
* [TypeResolver][TypeChecker] Clean up changes that add structural opaque result types
Having purpose attached to the contextual type element makes it much
easier to diagnose contextual mismatches without involving constraint
system state.
Records protocol requirement associated with a particular type in
the constraint system, also useful to track parent conformance
for conditional requirements.
It was used for unresolved member and `.dynamicType` references
as well as a couple of other places, but now unresolved member
references no longer need that due to new implicit "chain result"
AST node and other places could use more precise locators
e.g. new `.dynamicType` locator or `sequence element` for `for in`
loops.
