Implements SE-0460 -- the non-underscored version of @specialized.
It allows to specify "internal" (not abi affecting) specializations.
rdar://150033316
Diagnostics only work with `SourceLoc` which is basically a pointer into a buffer of the loaded source file.
But when debug info is de-serialized, the SIL `Location` consists of a filename+line+column.
To "convert" this to a `SourceLoc`, the file must be loaded.
This change adds `DiagnosticEngine.getLocationFromExternalSource` for this purpose.
Also, the new protocol `ProvidingSourceLocation` - to which `SourceLoc` and `Location` conform - help to generalize the helper struct `Diagnostic` and make this "conversion" happen automatically.
If the method is a default witness methods (`selfType` != nil) it has generic self type.
In this case the generic self parameter is at depth 0 and the actual generic parameters of the substitution map are at depth + 1, e.g:
```
@convention(witness_method: P) <τ_0_0><τ_1_0 where τ_0_0 : GenClass<τ_1_0>.T>
^ ^
self params of substitution map at depth + 1
```
* move it from the SIL to the AST module (where it belongs)
* change the signature of `diagnose` from `diagnose(location, .some_error)` to `diagnose(.some_error, at: location)`
* add an overload to allow passing a `SIL.Location` directly to `diagnose`
* add a `Diagnostic : Error` utility struct which allows throwing a `Diagnostic`
* [CS] Decline to handle InlineArray in shrink
Previously we would try the contextual type `(<int>, <element>)`,
which is wrong. Given we want to eliminate shrink, let's just bail.
* [Sema] Sink `ValueMatchVisitor` into `applyUnboundGenericArguments`
Make sure it's called for sugar code paths too. Also let's just always
run it since it should be a pretty cheap check.
* [Sema] Diagnose passing integer to non-integer type parameter
This was previously missed, though would have been diagnosed later
as a requirement failure.
* [Parse] Split up `canParseType`
While here, address the FIXME in `canParseTypeSimpleOrComposition`
and only check to see if we can parse a type-simple, including
`each`, `some`, and `any` for better recovery.
* Introduce type sugar for InlineArray
Parse e.g `[3 x Int]` as type sugar for InlineArray. Gated behind
an experimental feature flag for now.
The Protocol field isn't really necessary, because the conformance
stores the protocol. But we do need the substituted subject type
of the requirement, just temporarily, until an abstract conformance
stores its own subject type too.
* let `SIL.Type` conform to `TypeProperties` to share the implementation of common type properties between the AST types and `SIL.Type`
* call references to an `AST.Type` `rawType` (instead of just `type`)
* remove unneeded stuff
* add comments
