Correctly determining the DeclContext needed for an
ExplicitCaughtTypeRequest is tricky for a number of callers, and
mistakes here can easily lead to redundant computation of the caught
type, redundant diagnostics, etc.
Instead, put a `DeclContext` into `DoCatchStmt`, because that's the
only catch node that needs a `DeclContext` but does not have one.
These two requests are effectively doing the same thing to two
different cases within CatchNode. Unify the requests into a single
request, ExplicitCaughtTypeRequest, which operates on a CatchNode.
This also moves the logic for closures with explicitly-specified throws
clauses into the same request, taking it out of the constraint system.
Both `try?` and `try!` are catch nodes, because they catch an error
thrown in their subexpression and handle it. Introduce an ASTScope for
all `try/try?/try1` expressions so we can find them, and model them as
catch nodes.
Fixes rdar://119216455.
During the review of SE-0413, typed throws, the notion of a `do throws`
syntax for `do..catch` blocks came up. Implement that syntax and
semantics, as a way to explicitly specify the type of error that is
thrown from the `do` body in `do..catch` statement.
Introduce a new API to find the AST node that catches or rethrows an
error thrown from the given source location. Use it to determine the
thrown error type to use for type checking a `throw` statement, which
begins as `any Error` within a `do..catch` and is later refined.
