Add `async` to the type system. `async` can be written as part of a
function type or function declaration, following the parameter list, e.g.,
func doSomeWork() async { ... }
`async` functions are distinct from non-`async` functions and there
are no conversions amongst them. At present, `async` functions do not
*do* anything, but this commit fully supports them as a distinct kind
of function throughout:
* Parsing of `async`
* AST representation of `async` in declarations and types
* Syntactic type representation of `async`
* (De-/re-)mangling of function types involving 'async'
* Runtime type representation and reconstruction of function types
involving `async`.
* Dynamic casting restrictions for `async` function types
* (De-)serialization of `async` function types
* Disabling overriding, witness matching, and conversions with
differing `async`
Specifically, I split it into 3 initial categories: IR, Utils, Verifier. I just
did this quickly, we can always split it more later if we want.
I followed the model that we use in SILOptimizer: ./lib/SIL/CMakeLists.txt vends
a macro (sil_register_sources) to the sub-folders that register the sources of
the subdirectory with a global state variable that ./lib/SIL/CMakeLists.txt
defines. Then after including those subdirs, the parent cmake declares the SIL
library. So the output is the same, but we have the flexibility of having
subdirectories to categorize source files.
