Can't use `ConstraintSystem::addImplicitLoadExpr` because that would
only cache types in constraint system and wouldn't propagate them to AST,
since that happens in `ExprRewritter::finalize` during regular solution
application. `TypeChecker::addImplicitLoadExpr` should be used directly
in cases like that.
Resolves: rdar://problem/58972627
It's possible to construct subscript member responsible for key path
dynamic member lookup in a way which is going to be self-recursive
and an attempt to lookup any non-existent member is going to trigger
infine recursion.
Let's guard against that by making sure that the base type of the
member lookup is different from root type of the key path.
Resolves: rdar://problem/50420029
Resolves: rdar://problem/57410798
Some constraint transformations require knowledge about what state
constraint system is currently in e.g. `constraint generation`,
`solving` or `diagnostics` to make a decision whether simplication
is possible. Notable example is `keypath dynamic member lookup`
which requires a presence of `applicable fn` constraint to retrieve
some contextual information.
Currently presence or absence of solver state is used to determine
whether constraint system is in `constraint generation` or `solving`
phase, but it's incorrect in case of `diagnoseFailureForExpr` which
tries to simplify leftover "active" constraints before it can attempt
type-check based diagnostics.
To make this more robust let's introduce (maybe temporarily until
type-check based diagnostics are completely obsoleted) a proper
notion of "phase" to constraint system so it is always clear what
transitions are allowed and what state constraint system is
currently in.
Resolves: rdar://problem/57201781
