Centralize and simplify the handling of conformance requirements
resolved by same-type-to-concrete requirements in a few ways:
* Always store a ProtocolConformanceRef in via-superclass and
via-concrete requirement sources, so we never lose this information.
* When concretizing a nested type based on its parent, use the
via-concrete conformance information rather than performing lookup
again, simplifying this operation considerably and avoiding
redundant lookups.
* When adding a conformance requirement to a potential archetype that
is equivalent to a concrete type, attempt to find and record the
conformance.
Fixes SR-4295 / rdar://problem/31372308.
