* [stdlib] Update complexity docs for seq/collection algorithms
This corrects and standardizes the complexity documentation for Sequence
and Collection methods. The use of constants is more consistent, with `n`
equal to the length of the target collection, `m` equal to the length of
a collection passed in as a parameter, and `k` equal to any other passed
or calculated constant.
* Apply notes from @brentdax about complexity nomenclature
* Change `n` to `distance` in `index(_:offsetBy:)`
* Use equivalency language more places; sync across array types
* Use k instead of n for parameter names
* Slight changes to index(_:offsetBy:) discussion.
* Update tests with new parameter names
Simplify String.Index by sinking transcoded offsets into the .utf8
variant. This is in preparation for a more resilient index type
capable of supporting existential string indices.
Drop append-related @inlinable annotations for String, StringGuts,
StringStorage, and the Views. Drop several for larger operations, such
as case conversion. Drop as many as we can from StringGuts for now.
Beside the general goal to remove inlinable functions, this reduces code size and also improves performance for several benchmarks.
The performance problem was that by inlining top-level String API functions into client code (like String.count) it ended up calling non-inlinable internal String functions eventually.
This is much slower than to make a single call at the top-level API boundary into the library. Inside the library all the internal String functions can be specialized and inlined.
rdar://problem/39921548
Use the visitor pattern in most of the opaque-by-hand call
sites. Inspecting the compiler output does not show excessive and
unanticipated ARC, but there may need to be further tweaks.
One downside of the visitor pattern as written is that there's extra
shuffling around of registers for the closure CC. Hopefully this will
also be fixed soon.
Stop inlining _asOpaque into user code. Inlining it bloats user code
as there's a bit-test-and-branch to a block containing the _asOpaque
call, followed up some operations to e.g. manipulate the range or
re-align the calling convention, etc., followed by a final branch to
opaque stdlib code.
Instead, branch directly into opaque stdlib code. In theory, this
means that supporting all opaque patterns can be done with minimal
bloat. On ARM, this is a single tbnz instruction.
