Use the "override" information in associated type declarations to provide
AST-level access to the associated type "anchor", i.e., the canonical
associated type that will be used in generic signatures, mangling,
etc.
In the Generic Signature Builder, only build potential archetypes for
associated types that are anchors, which reduces the number of
potential archetypes we build when type-checking the standard library
by 14% and type-checking time for the standard library by 16%.
There's a minor regression here in some generic signatures that were
accidentally getting (correct) same-type constraints. There were
existing bugs in this area already (Huon found some of them), while
will be addressed as a follow-up.
Fies SR-5726, where we were failing to type-check due to missed
associated type constraints.
