The goal of doing this is to reduce the amount of boilerplate and repeated code w.r.t. Continuation. Having just added `resume()` in four places, I got the sense that there was a lot of common code that was being duplicated. I removed the Throwing variants of these types (they can be expressed as Continuation<T, E:Error> instead of ThrowingContinuation<E>) and I broke out a significant amount of common code between CheckedContinuation and UnsafeContinuation into an implementation-only protocol to avoid repeating it. D.R.Y.
This change resolves rdar://74154769.
This change implements the changes proposed in swift-evolution PR #1264.
Existing test coverage should be sufficient here since the added function
simply calls into the existing `resume(returning:)` function.
This change resolves rdar://74031110.
To help catch runtime issues adopting `withUnsafeContinuation`, such as callback-based APIs that misleadingly
invoke their callback multiple times and/or not at all, provide a couple of classes that can take ownership of
a fresh `UnsafeContinuation` or `UnsafeThrowingContinuation`, and log attempts to resume the continuation multiple times
or discard the object without ever resuming the continuation.
