- Most immediately, we now have `withoutActuallyEscaping` as a supported way to temporarily reference a nonescaping closure as if it were escapable, and we plan to break the ABI for escaping and nonescaping closures so that the old `unsafeBitCast` workaround no longer works.
- `unsafeBitCast` is also commonly used to kludge pointers into different types, but we have more semantically meaningful APIs for type punning now. Guide users towards those APIs.
- Suggest more specific and type-safe operations, like `bitPattern:` initializers or `unsafeDowncast`, for the situations where `unsafeBitCast` is being used to avoid dynamic type checks or reinterpret numerical bits.
* replace unused closure parameters with '_' in stdlib source
* fold some _ closure arguments into line above
* fold more _ closure arguments into line above
withoutActuallyEscaping has a signature like `<T..., U, V, W> (@nonescaping (T...) throws<U> -> V, (@escaping (T...) throws<U> -> V) -> W) -> W, but our type system for functions unfortunately isn't quite that expressive yet, so we need to special-case it. Set up the necessary type system when resolving an overload set to reference withoutActuallyEscaping, and if a type check succeeds, build a MakeTemporarilyEscapableExpr to represent it in the type-checked AST.
`type(of:)` has behavior whose type isn't directly representable in Swift's type system, since it produces both concrete and existential metatypes. In Swift 3 we put in a parser hack to turn `type(of: <expr>)` into a DynamicTypeExpr, but this effectively made `type(of:)` a reserved name. It's a bit more principled to put `Swift.type(of:)` on the same level as other declarations, even with its special-case type system behavior, and we can do this by special-casing the type system we produce during overload resolution if `Swift.type(of:)` shows up in an overload set. This also lays groundwork for handling other declarations we want to ostensibly behave like normal declarations but with otherwise inexpressible types, viz. `withoutActuallyEscaping` from SE-0110.
This modifies the _partition function used during sorting to select
the median of the first, middle, and last elements in the range to
be partitioned. Before partitioning begins, those three elements are
sorted, after which the middle element is selected as the pivot. This
change improves performance for sorted or nearly-sorted data.
