The `async` was being incorrectly consumed in `parseType` and as a
result, was not getting propagated back up to `parseFunctionSignature`
to be emitted as an error. Unless the next token is an arrow or a
throws, we don't consume it.
Extend effects checking to ensure that each reference to a variable
bound by an 'async let' is covered by an "await" expression and occurs
in a suitable context.
Replace the uglified '__await' keyword with a contextual keyword
'await'. This is more of what we would actually want for the
concurrency model.
When concurrency is enabled, this will be a source-breaking change,
because this is valid Swift code today:
```swift
struct MyFuture<T> {
func await() -> }
func doSomething() {
let result = await()
}
}
```
but the call to `await()` will be parsed as an await expression when
concurrency is enabled. The source break is behind the experimental
concurrency flag, but this way we can see how much of an issue it is
in practice.
Add `async` to the type system. `async` can be written as part of a
function type or function declaration, following the parameter list, e.g.,
func doSomeWork() async { ... }
`async` functions are distinct from non-`async` functions and there
are no conversions amongst them. At present, `async` functions do not
*do* anything, but this commit fully supports them as a distinct kind
of function throughout:
* Parsing of `async`
* AST representation of `async` in declarations and types
* Syntactic type representation of `async`
* (De-/re-)mangling of function types involving 'async'
* Runtime type representation and reconstruction of function types
involving `async`.
* Dynamic casting restrictions for `async` function types
* (De-)serialization of `async` function types
* Disabling overriding, witness matching, and conversions with
differing `async`
