Sean Dewar bf21df1c7b patch 9.2.0253: various issues with wrong b_nwindows after closing buffers
Problem:  close_buffer() callers incorrectly handle b_nwindows,
          especially after nasty autocmds, allowing it to go
          out-of-sync.  May lead to buffers that can't be unloaded, or
          buffers that are prematurely freed whilst displayed.
Solution: Modify close_buffer() and review its callers; let them
          decrement b_nwindows if it didn't unload the buffer.  Remove
          some now unneeded workarounds like 8.2.2354, 9.1.0143,
          9.1.0764, which didn't always work (Sean Dewar)

close_buffer() now doesn't decrement b_nwindows when not unloading buf, or when
buf isn't w_buffer after autocmds (they would've already decremented it).
Callers are now expected to decrement b_nwindows if w_buffer is not NULL after
close_buffer(), and when still intending to switch buffers or close win, for two
reasons:
- close_buffer() autocmds may have switched buffers.  The new w_buffer's
  b_nwindows would also need decrementing.
- After close_buffer(), callers may opt to not switch w_buffer or close win.
  b_nwindows would need to be incremented again.  (unless w_buffer is NULL from
  being unloaded; callers are already forced to find a new buffer then)
These were the main causes of b_nwindows bugs, as these cases could not be
reliably detected, and went largely unhandled.

NOTE: if close_buffer() autocmds switch buffers, close_buffer() is not called
for that new buffer before decrementing b_nwindows.  This may skip side-effects
like from 'bufhidden', but I think it's mostly harmless, and was already
happening in other places.

Let's see how this goes...  Other details: (I have lots to say!)

It's OK to pass a win to close_buffer() that isn't showing buf (used by
set_curbuf()).  In that case, we skip some side-effects and don't decrement
b_nwindows, but may still unload buf if hidden.

buf_freeall() now returns whether it freed anything.  Removes some repeated
checks in close_buffer().

Preserve close_buffer()'s behaviour when called by win_free_popup() after its
popup was already removed from the window list.  This made win_valid_any_tab()
return FALSE, so we skip things that originally checked it in that case.

Add "set_context" to close_buffer() to preserve do_ecmd()'s behaviour of only
setting b_last_cursor and/or calling buflist_setfpos() when not splitting
(see 7.2.041: https://groups.google.com/g/vim_dev/c/ZGgNvaylNzI/m/WHxjhnuxqB0J)
Without this, Test_marks_cmd() fails from its ' mark differing.  Don't use
oldwin though; it's not always the window with the closed buf, especially
after BufLeave autocmds in do_ecmd().  Also, only set context if win is really
displaying buf.

Don't bail in do_ecmd() if buf was deleted but curwin->w_buffer is NULL; that
leaves curwin open to a NULL buffer!  Use lastbuf instead, like set_curbuf().
I don't think it's possible for buf to be deleted by close_buffer() anyway, as
b_locked was set (which I can't see a way to bypass, unlike b_locked_split).
Maybe such checks can be removed, but I'd rather not risk that here.

Don't set curwin to previouswin in set_curbuf(); shouldn't be needed, otherwise
may lead to curbuf != curwin->w_buffer if autocmds switch to a window showing
buf, as that skips enter_buffer()?  Was introduced back in 7.3.557 to avoid
cases where autocmds switch windows, possibly leaving previouswin with a NULL
buffer.  Since 7.4.2312 and 7.4.2328, close_buffer() and buf_freeall() already
handles this.  I've added an assert() as a sanity check anyway.

In free_all_mem(), set b_nwindows to 0 before close_buffer() so buffers can be
wiped if still in a window before win_free_all().  Needed as close_buffer() now
skips unloading buffers that aren't hidden if win is NULL.  If it's possible for
free_all_mem()'s :tabonly! and :only! to not close all windows before freeing,
then this issue was also previously possible if b_nwindows > 1.

related: #19728

Signed-off-by: Sean Dewar <6256228+seandewar@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
2026-03-26 20:27:47 +00:00
2026-02-04 17:19:28 +00:00
2026-02-14 15:19:10 +00:00

Vim The editor

Github Build status Appveyor Build status Cirrus Build Status Coverage Status Coverity Scan Debian CI Packages Fossies codespell report

If you find a bug or want to discuss the best way to add a new feature, please open an issue. If you have a question or want to discuss the best way to do something with Vim, you can join #vim, reddit.com/r/vim, use StackExchange, or one of the Maillists.

What is Vim?

Vim is a greatly improved version of the good old UNIX editor Vi. Many new features have been added: multi-level undo, syntax highlighting, command line history, on-line help, spell checking, filename completion, block operations, script language, etc. There is also a Graphical User Interface (GUI) available. Still, Vi compatibility is maintained, those who have Vi "in the fingers" will feel at home. See runtime/doc/vi_diff.txt for differences with Vi.

This editor is very useful for editing programs and other plain text files. All commands are given with normal keyboard characters, so those who can type with ten fingers can work very fast. Additionally, function keys can be mapped to commands by the user, and the mouse can be used.

Vim also aims to provide a (mostly) POSIX-compatible vi implementation, when compiled with a minimal feature set (typically called vim.tiny), which is used by many Linux distributions as the default vi editor.

Vim runs under MS-Windows (7, 8, 10, 11), macOS, Haiku, VMS and almost all flavours of UNIX. Porting to other systems should not be very difficult. Older versions of Vim run on MS-DOS, MS-Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP/Vista, Amiga DOS, Atari MiNT, BeOS, RISC OS and OS/2. These are no longer maintained.

For Vim9 script see README_VIM9.

Distribution

You can often use your favorite package manager to install Vim. On Mac and Linux a small version of Vim is pre-installed, you still need to install Vim if you want more features.

There are separate distributions for Unix, PC, Amiga and some other systems. This README.md file comes with the runtime archive. It includes the documentation, syntax files and other files that are used at runtime. To run Vim you must get either one of the binary archives or a source archive. Which one you need depends on the system you want to run it on and whether you want or must compile it yourself. Check https://www.vim.org/download.php for an overview of currently available distributions.

Some popular places to get the latest Vim:

Compiling

If you obtained a binary distribution you don't need to compile Vim. If you obtained a source distribution, all the stuff for compiling Vim is in the src directory. See src/INSTALL for instructions.

Installation

See one of these files for system-specific instructions. Either in the READMEdir directory (in the repository) or the top directory (if you unpack an archive):

README_ami.txt		Amiga
README_unix.txt		Unix
README_dos.txt		MS-DOS and MS-Windows
README_mac.txt		Macintosh
README_haiku.txt	Haiku
README_vms.txt		VMS

There are other README_*.txt files, depending on the distribution you used.

Documentation

The Vim tutor is a one hour training course for beginners. Often it can be started as vimtutor. See :help tutor for more information.

The best is to use :help in Vim. If you don't have an executable yet, read runtime/doc/help.txt. It contains pointers to the other documentation files. The User Manual reads like a book and is recommended to learn to use Vim. See :help user-manual.

Copying

Vim is Charityware. You can use and copy it as much as you like, but you are encouraged to make a donation to help orphans in Uganda. Please read the file runtime/doc/uganda.txt for details (do :help uganda inside Vim).

Summary of the license: There are no restrictions on using or distributing an unmodified copy of Vim. Parts of Vim may also be distributed, but the license text must always be included. For modified versions, a few restrictions apply. The license is GPL compatible, you may compile Vim with GPL libraries and distribute it.

Sponsoring

Fixing bugs and adding new features takes a lot of time and effort. To show your appreciation for the work and motivate developers to continue working on Vim please send a donation.

The money you donated will be mainly used to help children in Uganda. See runtime/doc/uganda.txt. But at the same time donations increase the development team motivation to keep working on Vim!

For the most recent information about sponsoring look on the Vim web site: https://www.vim.org/sponsor/

Contributing

If you would like to help make Vim better, see the CONTRIBUTING.md file.

Information

If you are on macOS, you can use MacVim.

The latest news about Vim can be found on the Vim home page: https://www.vim.org/

If you have problems, have a look at the Vim documentation or tips: https://www.vim.org/docs.php https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Vim_Tips_Wiki

If you still have problems or any other questions, use one of the mailing lists to discuss them with Vim users and developers: https://www.vim.org/maillist.php

If nothing else works, report bugs directly to the vim-dev mailing list: <vim-dev@vim.org>

Main author

Most of Vim was created by Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> Bram-Moolenaar

Send any other comments, patches, flowers and suggestions to the vim-dev mailing list: <vim-dev@vim.org>

This is README.md for version 9.2 of Vim: Vi IMproved.

S
Description
The official Vim repository
Readme 346 MiB
Languages
Vim Script 53.7%
C 39.4%
Roff 1.7%
Makefile 1.2%
C++ 0.6%
Other 2.6%