As the optimizer uses more and more AST stuff, it's now time to create an "AST" module.
Initially it defines following AST datastructures:
* declarations: `Decl` + derived classes
* `Conformance`
* `SubstitutionMap`
* `Type` and `CanonicalType`
Some of those were already defined in the SIL module and are now moved to the AST module.
This change also cleans up a few things:
* proper definition of `NominalTypeDecl`-related APIs in `SIL.Type`
* rename `ProtocolConformance` to `Conformance`
* use `AST.Type`/`AST.CanonicalType` instead of `BridgedASTType` in SIL and the Optimizer
* add `NominalTypeDecl.isResilient`
* make the return type of `Type.getNominalFields` optional and return nil in case the nominal type is resilient.
This forces users of this API to think about what to do in case the nominal type is resilient.
Codegen is the same, but `begin_dealloc_ref` consumes the operand and produces a new SSA value.
This cleanly splits the liferange to the region before and within the destructor of a class.
* add new create-functions for instructions
* allow the Builder to build static initializer instructions for global variables
* some refactoring to simplify the implementation
* split the `PassContext` into multiple protocols and structs: `Context`, `MutatingContext`, `FunctionPassContext` and `SimplifyContext`
* change how instruction passes work: implement the `simplify` function in conformance to `SILCombineSimplifyable`
* add a mechanism to add a callback for inserted instructions
This is consistent with `Type.isTrivial`.
Also, introduce corresponding properties in `Value`: `hasTrivialType` and `hasTrivialNonPointerType`, because
1. It's less to type than `Type.isTrivial(in: function)` because `Value` knows in which function it is.
2. It fixes the corner case where value is an `Undef`, which has not parent function.
* C++: add a function `getDestructors(SILType type, bool isExactType)’: if the type is a final class or `isExactType` is true, then return the one and only destructor of that class.
* swift: add `getDestructor(ofExactType type: Type)` and `getIncompleteCallees`
* swift: remove `getDestructor` from the PassContext. The API of the `calleeAnalysis` can be used instead.
The release-devirtualizer must not run on the same alloc_ref twice.
This is a very rare case, but if it happens it's a very bad thing, because it results in a double-free crash.
The fix is to detect that a dealloc_ref instruction (although it isn't "releasing"), does a memory deallocation.
Found by doing some unrelated experiments.
